Re: [luv-talk] Refugees (was Re: Vale Nelson Mandela)

On Sun, Jan 19, 2014 at 11:24 PM, Peter wrote:
On Sat, 18 Jan 2014, Tim Josling wrote:
There are better ways of dealing with it. Some of them are even discussed in parliament (e.g. by Melissa Parkes who I mentioned before).
Refugees for regional development:
We have skilled migration programs. People who do not qualify can apply to get a visa excluding wortk in Metroplotean areas for the first years. We have regional shortages in some regions - and a need to decentralize our population.
Camps help local communities. They are job providers and welcome there.
Instead of locking up people (please explain what we will do with them in Nauru or PNG?) infinitely, we can establish a routine and timeframe which is balanced on needs to run security checks, as well as helping refugees to adapt and train to fit into our society. Running the internal affairs while in the camp (e.g. cook for themself, build houses etc.) helps them - and maks it cheaper for us too. The camps in PNG and Nauru are ridiculous expensive and absolutely useless.
Studies show that immigration is an economical long term win for developed countries.
It depends. You have to look at it on a case-by-case basis. It depends on the quality of the immigrants, the state of the labour market, natural resources etc. In general except for underpopulated countries around 100% of the benefits of immigration go to the immigrants. Some benefits also to employers due to lower wages and to industries that are population driven (eg housing). The pre-existing population is faced with more competition in the labour market and housing market, higher infrastructure costs, etc.
Another means is the establishment of a "wealth belt" which makes it less likely people want to go "all the way" to Australia. People take the risk of the boats even if they end up in Nauru now (they know it now), it is better than dying in a war zone after all.
We see our neighbours still like a colonial power and are interested in mining and plantation exploits only - our contribution to establish sustainable growth in PNG (e.g.) is small.
The European Union has spread material wealth significantly since foundation in the 50ies. People stop coming in troves when their home countries are stable societies and offer hope. ...
Well, I mentioned some of the suggstions before. To ignore them is
convenient. It is as I would play peek-a-boo wih a three years old;-)
Regards Peter
I spent some time going through the archives for your policy proposal and did not find it. The best I could find was random half thought out ideas like those above. An actual policy proposal would straightforwardly answer these questions: 1. What measures would you put in place to discourage people arriving by boat or plane, if any? 2. What change would you make to the refugee quota? Would there still be a limit? 3. Would the arrivals get work permits? How would they be supported if they did not get work? 4. To what degree would you vet arrivals to see if a) they are 'genuine' refugees b) They are criminals, terrorists, or fanatics of one sort or another c) They have communicable illnesses? What level of appeals would be possible? Would we pay for legal aid throughout a long-drawn-out legal process? 5. When people arrive would they be detained or monitored? Describe these arrangements. Would this depend on the answers to the previous question? 6. What would you do with people who are not 'genuine' refugees, or who are otherwise undesirable? Would you deport or detain them? 7. What do you do with people whose status is uncertain? People arrive without documentation, they may lie or exaggerate their predicament. You cannot exactly ask, say, the Iranian government "It is true that if this person were returned then you would persecute them?" and expect a useful answer. 8, Would you limit where people could live and what work they could do? How would you enforce this? 9. Would you devote any extra resources to projects such as solving world hunger (as suggested above) as part of the solution? Then you should be able to have a chance of estimating the impact on the existing occupants of Australia. In particular, impacts on government finances, the job market, funding requirements for infrastructure, and social impacts. As any aboriginal person would tell you (some have certainly told me in no uncertain terms) people arriving in boats do not necessarily benefit those who were already here. I would suggest that you policy proposals are well short of what is needed, in the sense that a hill of beans is short of the Himalayas. Again I ask if people are serious - as opposed to moral posturing - why don't they come up with a specific proposal and show us the analysis of its impact? Tim

[I'm not actually sure what position you were taking, Tim, so apologies if I'm violently agreeing with you ;-)] Tim Josling wrote:
In general except for underpopulated countries around 100% of the benefits of immigration go to the immigrants.
Citation needed.
An actual policy proposal would straightforwardly answer these questions:
1. What measures would you put in place to discourage people arriving by boat or plane, if any?
That seems to presuppose that immigration is undesirable. For example, aren't we perpetually short on nurses? Don't want to discourage immigration of qualified nurses. Seems to me the actual goal is to *regulate* immigration, to satisfice our human rights obligations and quality of life. (Concrete proposals are left as an exercise for the reader ;-)
3. Would the arrivals get work permits? How would they be supported if they did not get work?
AIUI paying people to sit around doing nothing can actually be cheaper than the negative exeternalities of booting them out on the street.
4. To what degree would you vet arrivals to see if a) they are 'genuine' refugees b) They are criminals, terrorists, or fanatics of one sort or another c) They have communicable illnesses? What level of appeals would be possible? Would we pay for legal aid throughout a long-drawn-out legal process?
You could start by asking them. :-) I'm pretty sure any organized Bad GuysTM could just get into the country via a tourist visa, and your heuristic is never going to eliminate false positives (i.e. some Bad GuysTM will get in no matter what you try). Starting from an assumption of good faith seems like an efficient and reasonable heuristic, and one that's unlikely to antagonize immigrants into new Bad GuysTM. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tit_for_tat Re (c), customs already deals with this for people -- including residents -- entering the country. I don't see why anything special would be needed in terms of screening.
5. When people arrive would they be detained or monitored? Describe these arrangements. Would this depend on the answers to the previous question?
What for? Once they're inprocessed, why would they be more suspect than any other tourist, resident or citizen? I don't remember Indian students I met having to wear ankle bracelets or call their parole officer every eight hours, but maybe they just did it while I wasn't looking. :-)
6. What would you do with people who are not 'genuine' refugees, or who are otherwise undesirable? Would you deport or detain them?
Most of the time, I suppose you just refuse to issue them a visa. I guess you're thinking about the case where they've already arrived on the doorstep and didn't bother to ask for a visa first. You do a quick triage and deal with any human rights obligations, then you either say "no worries, come in and have a beer" or they deadhead back to wherever they came from. I dunno who foots the bill (.au or the other country) in the latter case; presumably there are international agreements about that. Oh, and accepting that you're gonna make mistakes sometimes, letting Bad GuysTM in and sending good men to their deaths.
7. What do you do with people whose status is uncertain? People arrive without documentation, they may lie or exaggerate their predicament. You cannot exactly ask, say, the Iranian government "It is true that if this person were returned then you would persecute them?" and expect a useful answer.
That goes under "assume good faith" / tit-for-tat. You can probably also ask other governments and get some kind of general consensus. I mean, that's how the world decides what is and isn't a "war", right? The UN probably issues GRs all the time that <group> from <place> is being ethnically Put Upon and if they turn up on your doorstep, they're Official RefugeesTM.
[...]
As any aboriginal person would tell you (some have certainly told me in no uncertain terms) people arriving in boats do not necessarily benefit those who were already here.
The honkies turning up didn't work out to well for the locals, but I dunno whether it's appropriate to generalize from that to "anyone who turned up in a boat -- after my boat -- is probably gonna kill me and take my land". Incidentally, I guess we should be calling them "ships". Marinary types seem to be persnickety about the distinction.
I would suggest that you policy proposals are well short of what is needed, in the sense that a hill of beans is short of the Himalayas. Again I ask if people are serious - as opposed to moral posturing - why don't they come up with a specific proposal and show us the analysis of its impact?
Because rhetoric is easier than maths.
participants (2)
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Tim Josling
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Trent W. Buck