When I was in school, I had to pay for the instrument myself (outright or rent). I think this was the same for both types of schools. IIRC (my memory is fuzzy on this detail) I had to pay extra for lessons too - again I think this was the same for both types of schools. The school orchestra didn't cost the (government) school a lot (music stands is the only cost I can think of right now). It did require a lot of dedication in the music teacher/conductor involved however, and it wouldn't surprise me if I found the orchestra disappeared when he left the school.