On Thursday, 20 August 2020 10:40:03 PM AEST stripes theotoky via luv-main wrote: You have a script setup to make regular snapshots so that if you accidentally delete something you can get it back from an older snapshot. The snapshots keep the storage space for the files in use. If you wait a few weeks the space will be freed as newer snapshots without those 47G of files replace the old ones with them. Alternatively you can delete some of the snapshots manually. -- My Main Blog http://etbe.coker.com.au/ My Documents Blog http://doc.coker.com.au/

On Thu, Aug 20, 2020 at 01:40:03PM +0100, stripes theotoky wrote: to truly delete files from ZFS (or from anything that supports snapshots), you need to delete not only the file(s) from the current state of the filesystem, but also any snapshots containing them. The space will not be freed until there are no remaining snapshots containing the file(s) you deleted. Note that you can't delete individual files from a snapshot, you can only delete entire snapshots. This will have a significant impact on your backup and recovery strategy. Maybe, maybe not. Browser cache directories tend to change a lot, so they end up using a lot more space in the snapshots than you might think because they keep all the cached junk that your browser itself has deleted, but your zfs-autosnap hasn't expired yet. There really isn't much value in keeping snapshots of cache dirs like this, so try creating a new dataset to hold these caches (and make sure it, or at least sub-directories on it, are RW by your uid). Configure zfs-autosnap to ignore it (i.e. no snapshots), and then configure your browser to use it for caches. I don't use zfs-auto-snap myself, but according to the man page, to exclude a dataset from zfs-auto-snap, you need to create a property on it called "com.sun:auto-snapshot' and set it to false. e.g. zfs create alexandria/nosnaps zfs set com.sun:auto-snapshot=false alexandria/nosnaps (btw, you can also set a quota on a dataset so that it can't use all available space - better to have firefox die because it can't cache extra stuff than to have other random programs fail or crash due to out of space errors) If you have multiple programs that keep caches like this, you could create one dataset each for them. IMO, it would be better to create just one dataset (call it something like "alexandria/nosnaps") and then create as many sub-directories as you need under it. make /alexandria/nosnaps/stripes/ readable and writable by user 'stripes', and your programs can create directories and files underneath it as needed. e.g. something like mkdir -p /alexandria/nosnaps/stripes/firefox-cache chown -R stripes /alexandria/nosnaps/stripes chmod u=rwX /alexandria/nosnaps/stripes I'm not entirely sure how to change the cache dir in firefox, but i am certain that it can be done, probably somewhere in "about:config". At worst, you can either set the mountpoint of the "nosnaps" dataset to be the cache dir (rememeber to quit from firefox and delete the existing cache first), or by symlinking into a subdir under "nosnaps". The latter is better because it enables multiple diffferent cache dirs under the one nosnaps dataset. BTW, if you download stuff with deluge or some other torrent client, you should make an alexandria/torrents dataset with a recordsize of 16K instead of the default 128K (bit torrent does a lot of random reads and writes in 16KB blocks, so this is the optimum recordsize). for example: zfs create -o recordsize=16k -o mountpoint=/home/stripes/torrents/download alexandria/torrents chown stripes /home/stripes/torrents/download chmod u=rwx /home/stripes/torrents/download zfs-autosnap should be configured to ignore this dataset too, and your torrent client should be configured to download torrents into this directory, and then move them to somewhere else once the download has completed. This avoids wasting space on snapshots of partially downloaded stuff, AND minimises fragmented (as the downloaded torrents will be de-fragmented when they're moved to somewhere else) there are probably other things that don't need to be snapshotted - like /tmp, /var/tmp, maybe (parts of) /var/cache, and other directories containing short-lived transient files. I wouldn't bother doing anything about them unless they waste a lot of disk space. 1. for such a small filesystem, I recommend setting a more aggressive snapshot expiration policy for zfs-autosnap. From what you've posted, it looks like zfs-autosnap is configured to keep the last 12 months or so snapshots but you probably can't afford to keep more than the last three to six months or so of snapshots. zfs-auto-snap doesn't seem to have a config file, the snapshot retention is handled by command-line options, which you can see if you look at the zfs-auto-snap files in /etc/cron.hourly, /etc/cron.daily, /etc/cron.weekly, and /etc/cron.monthly. e.g. edit etc/cron.monthly/zfs-auto-snapshot and change the --keep=12 to --keep=3 or --keep=6 edit these files to change the --keep= option and you'll slowly regain space as the excess older snapshots are expired when the cron jobs are run. If you're in a hurry and want the disk space back ASAP, you can probably delete all but the last 6 months worth of monthly snapshots with commands like: zfs-auto-snapshot --dry-run --delete-only --label=monthly --keep=6 // remove the --dry-run option when you're sure it does what you want. You'll need to do similar things with the "frequent", "hourly", "daily", and "weekly" labels if you want the disk space used by snapshots to be freed up immediately. Remember that the space used by deleted files will **NOT** be returned until there are NO REMAINING SNAPSHOTS containing those files. NOTE: as I said, I don't use zfs-auto-snapshot, so take the above with a grain of salt. I may have mis-interpreted the man page, and I may be completely misunderstanding how zfs-auto-snapshot works. Do some reading and verify that what I've said is correct before trusting it. The general idea is correct, the details may be dangerously wrong. 2. better yet, replace the individual drives in the pool one-by-one with larger drives - when all the drives in a vdev have been replaced, the extra space will become available. It's often a lot faster to replace the entire pool with a larger pool using zfs send (which also has the beneficial side-effects of de-fragmenting files and re-balancing the data across the new pool). The process for that is (very roughly): 1. create a new pool, call it alexandria2 or something like that. If the drives in your current alexandria pool are your boot drives, then you'll need to partition the drives in alexandria2 similarly to what you have for alexandria (e.g. with a /boot and/or /EFI partition). this is so that you can later run grub-install or whatever on them. 2. make a recursive snapshot of alexandria. 3. zfs send it to alexandria2 4. repeatedly run incremental zfs sends to keep alexandria2 up to date until you're ready to do the final changeover. You can repeat this step as often and for as long as you need. 5. reboot the system into single-user mode. Or with a zfs-capable rescue cd/usb/etc if alexandria is your root fs. An ubuntu live CD or bootable USB should do. I don't know if clonezilla has built-in support for ZFS these days, but several years ago I made my own custom clonezilla which had ZFS kernel modules and the zfs & zpool command-line utilities. 6. do a final snapshot and zfs send from alexandria to alexandria2. 7. zfs rename alexandria to alexandria-old 8. zfs rename alexandria2 to alexandria If you need to boot from it, chroot into it, bind-mount /proc, /dev, and /sys, and run grub-install....same as you would when moving any root fs from one drive/partition to another. in fact, this whole process is very similar to how you'd use rsync to move a filesystem to another drive, but using snapshots and zfs send instead of rsync. not exactly. you're just getting more snapshots created by your zfs-autosnap cron job. you're not using disk space any faster than you were before the deletes, but at approximately the same rate (which varies according to what is changing on the dataset(s)). craig